When chlorine (or chloramine) reacts with natural organic matter in source water, it forms hundreds of DBPs, primarily trihalomethanes (THMs, e.g., chloroform) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Hundreds of additional DBPs exist and are not currently regulated at the federal level.
Blogs
Apple Cider Vinegar Hair Rinse in Hard Water Areas
An apple cider vinegar (ACV) rinse is a reasonable periodic add-on when you wash hair in very hard water. It is not a substitute for a water softener or a true chelating shampoo. The useful effects come from acidity, not from any special “vinegar magic.”
Softeners don’t hurt water heaters
The most common driver of accelerated anode consumption is elevated electrical conductivity in the water, not the mere presence of sodium ions (or the absence of Calcium).
I have been solving corrosion problems for three decades, from residential systems in Utah to mission-critical industrial and institutional systems on multiple continents.
The corrosion-mechanism is not mysterious once you understand what is happening at the electrode interface inside your water heater.
Watering plants with softened water?
Ion exchange trades calcium and magnesium for sodium (or potassium) on an equivalent basis. The resin does not know or care whether the water started at 5 or 55 grains per gallon. It swaps one equivalent of hardness for one equivalent of sodium each time. The average is about 7.5 milligrams per liter of sodium added for every grain per gallon of hardness removed.
Are you over-softening your water?
A village newsletter landed on my desk recently, and the headline was bold enough to make anyone reach for their softener bypass valve: “YOU MUST(more…)
Membrane scaling calculations
Scaling is what happens when a sparingly soluble salt exceeds its capacity to stay dissolved and precipitates out onto whatever surface is nearby: a membrane, a heat exchanger tube, the inside of a boiler, the element in a water heater.
